PGD, or Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis, is a novel, high-tech genetic method used in advanced infertility treatment centers worldwide in conjunction with in vitro fertilization (IVF) to reduce or eliminate the possibility of transmitting genetic diseases to the embryo.
PGT-M, also known as PGD, is used to identify single-gene disorders. This test is for examining diseases caused by the presence of a single defective gene in an individual (such as thalassemia, various types of deafness, intellectual disabilities, etc.). There are also single-gene diseases where symptoms appear later in life and therapeutic abortion is not permitted (such as Huntington's disease). Therefore, PGT-M testing is the best option for having a healthy child in such cases.
PGT-A, also known as PGS, examines numerical and structural abnormalities of sex chromosomes. Preimplantation chromosome number screening is a technique performed simultaneously with IVF. This test allows the selection of chromosomally normal embryos from all embryos in an assisted reproductive cycle, increasing the individual's chance of pregnancy. Changes in the number of chromosomes inherited from parents can lead to embryo implantation failure in assisted reproductive methods, spontaneous abortion, and chromosomal disorders in newborns. This technique can identify embryos with numerical chromosomal abnormalities (aneuploidy). It is important to note that sex is also determined by this test.